diff --git a/src/blog/2022-01-02-pig-dog-05.gmi b/src/blog/2022-01-02-pig-dog-05.gmi new file mode 100644 index 0000000..48e94d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/blog/2022-01-02-pig-dog-05.gmi @@ -0,0 +1,155 @@ +# The Capitalist Pig-Dog Blog: Coda + +## Final apologies + +The pig-dog blog fizzled out six years ago. This was mostly because I was too +lazy to collect those receipts, and the longer I left it, the more life changes +took me away from the picture I'd already painted. I always felt a nagging urge +to "finish" the series in some way, though - and now I think I can! + +## Consumer activism + +This is where I left the previous pig-dog article. There is Ethical Consumer +Magazine for those interested in the topic, but I'll leave it at "can't be done, +cap'n". + +=> https://ethicalconsumer.org Ethical Consumer Magazine + +Not unless you're rich, anyway. + +Ethical Consumer is something of a mixed bag, and is far too credulous on some +topics (biodynamic eggs in the most recent issue!), but is the best resource I +know for the topic. They also show their working, so you can prioritise what +matters for you, and work around any shortcomings in their process or +conclusions. Definitely the poster child for this kind of thing. + +## Changes + +In November 2015, I began a new relationship. This was followed in 2016 with a +new job; in 2017 by moving to Shetland; in 2018, a proposal; in 2019, a +wedding; in 2020, a pandemic(!); and in 2021, a baby. + +In 2022, we're moving back to Yorkshire. Each of the above could be its own +series; I'll see if I get to them, but don't hold your breath. However, we're +returning in very different financial circumstances to those we left in. + +## Debt + +All paid off. Every penny. Including student loan, car PCP, and mortgages. + +How, you ask? Simples. Share options. The new job provided me with some, and +they panned out over the next 5 years. I'm now ridiculously wealthy by any +standard. + +The UKPersonalFinance reddit has a website with a handy flowchart, +based heavily on the Bogleheads methodology, and the options permitted me to +skip right to the final step! + +=> https://ukpersonal.finance + +Mortgages, plural, you ask? Well, I peaked at 3 - the original house in York, +our house in Shetland, and the the new one in Yorkshire. My sister has been +living in the first (rent-free, I hasten to note), and now the mortgage is paid, +I'm transferring it to her legally. The second we bought with a deposit +contributed by my now wife's parents, but it's turned out to be a money pit - +we've spent at least 50% of the original purchase price on repairs, and the saga +continues. We'll be selling it at a significant loss, and I can't wait. + +=> /img/pig-dog-05/wall-state.jpg Over half the walls are rotten +=> /img/pig-dog-05/groundwater-state.jpg Groundwater is eating the foundations +=> /img/pig-dog-05/foundations-state.jpg The foundations need replacing +=> /img/pig-dog-05/chimney-state.jpg And the chimney leaks + +The new house, we bought with a mortgage, with the deposit coming from sold +shares, but were able to pay it off in full a couple of months later by selling +even more shares! We plan to stay there for at least 5 years, as with Shetland, +then re-evaluate. The off-grid life increasingly appeals to us both, and this +house won't do for that, but it's a fine place for the first few years of a +child's life. + +## Equity + +As mentioned above, the new company had a share option scheme. Bytemark had +introduced one toward the end of my time there, but the two were very different. +I'd already internally discounted the Bytemark one to £0 because it seemed very +obvious to me that it would never pay out - you had to be at the company right +up until its termination or flotation if you wanted to exercise the shares. I +already had itchy feet at the time, and the best-case scenario was "only" around +the £100,000 mark anyway. GitLab's option scheme was much better - you could +exercise at any time, for a start - but it was really an afterthought when +making the decision to switch. + +(As it happens, Bytemark was subsequently bought out by iomart. I switched in +August 2016, and the purchase was Octover 2018, so winnings were in my future, +whichever choice I made. However, with the benefit of hindsight, +switching to GitLab was absolutely the right financial choice to make.) + +=> https://blog.bytemark.co.uk/2018/09/04/moving-up-the-stack iomart acquires Bytemark + +I'm easily on course to make more than a million pounds after tax from the +GitLab options. The salary is a drop in the ocean by comparison. Naïvely, I can +model this as getting more of my "fair share" of the work I've put into a +company - salary in no way reflects the value added by labour - but the truth +is simpler, and sadder. + +I joined early on, and got more share options than people who joined later. The +price of the shares has been doubling or tripling every ear, as has the number +of employees, but I get a greater share of the total than those who came later. +It follows that my wins come at their expense - they work, hundreds of them, to +increase the company's value, and I get a cut of that. + +Bleurgh. + +## Taxes + +Typically, if an employer gifts you a share, that is treated as income and taxed +at acquisition time through PAYE at 19-46% income tax, plus 12-2% national +insurance. With share options, you buy them at a discount, and the difference +between discounted price and market value is taxed as income. Once you own it, +further appreciation is taxed at disposal time through capital gains tax - at a +much lower rate, sometimes as low as 10%. + +The Bytemark scheme was very carefully worded to exclude any possibility of +paying income tax rates, and most of the provisions I disliked in it came from +that choice - it was made to fit the mould of an Enterprise Management Incentive +scheme, which would attract CGT instead of income tax. + +=> https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes/enterprise-management-incentives-emis EMI + +GitLab's options did no such thing, so my notional tax rate on the gain has +been 48%. In addition to my million, the tax authorities get themselves a +million as well. The precise number is difficult to figure out - the tax code +pays a *lot* of attention to people making this kind of money. In particular, +the personal allowance reduces to 0 and the pension allowance reduces to 4,000, +although you can now use up allowance from previous years instead. Various other +things suddenly become tax-deductible too, and gift aid starts to make sense, +among other things. + +Still, the majority of what ukgov and scotgov do is good stuff, so this is fine. + +When I joined GitLab, I had the option to "early exercise" my shares. That would +have cost about £7,000, and - through shenanigans - led to my winnings being +taxed entirely through CGT, at 10-20%, instead of the 48% rate I got. I even had +the money at the time - by coincidence, my car's PCP was up, and I could either +pay off the loan portion, or early exercise the shares. I chose the former, and +even with hindsight, can't being myself to regret it. I still have the car, it +works great. + +It does sting a little that other people were able to get the lower rate, +though. If anything, there could be less of that. + +## Future + +How does one convert a windfall into an income? Through investment! This is +more bleurgh-inducing skimming off of the work of others, as with the share +options themselves; the alternative is to see inflation erode the value of the +cash. I could talk about more-ethical vs less-ethical investments, but +fundamentally, they all work on this premise. Not ideal. + +Now I'm actually a capitalist pig-dog, my Ethical Consumer magazine has +suggestions I can follow without pain, so I'll be looking into that. + +Got to raise a child! I have parental leave until March, at least. + +As ever, I can hope I'll have more time/enthusiasm for writing in this new year. +Time will tell. diff --git a/src/img/pig-dog-05/chimney-state.jpg b/src/img/pig-dog-05/chimney-state.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ff5ae61 Binary files /dev/null and b/src/img/pig-dog-05/chimney-state.jpg differ diff --git a/src/img/pig-dog-05/foundations-state.jpg b/src/img/pig-dog-05/foundations-state.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5b821ac Binary files /dev/null and b/src/img/pig-dog-05/foundations-state.jpg differ diff --git a/src/img/pig-dog-05/groundwater-state.jpg b/src/img/pig-dog-05/groundwater-state.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2327c3f Binary files /dev/null and b/src/img/pig-dog-05/groundwater-state.jpg differ diff --git a/src/img/pig-dog-05/wall-state.jpg b/src/img/pig-dog-05/wall-state.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d8ea5e3 Binary files /dev/null and b/src/img/pig-dog-05/wall-state.jpg differ